EBITDA: Meaning, Importance, Formula, Calculation & Example

EV/LTM Revenue is a commonly used Valuation Multiple that looks at the Purchase Price (‘Enterprise Value’ or ‘EV’) of the entire Business relative to the last twelve months (‘LTM’) of Revenue generated by the Business. LTM stands for ‘Last Twelve Months,’ and it refers to calculations that show the most recent Twelve Months of Financial performance (e.g. LTM Revenue and LTM EBITDA). LTM metrics are widely used throughout the Finance world, and you can follow our 3-Step Process to calculate LTM Revenue, LTM EBITDA, or any LTM metric. As a result, they tend to focus on the future performance, which is captured by Next Twelve Months (or ‘NTM’) Revenue and EBITDA.

• For example, a firm may have $10 in EBITDA, $2 in Net Income, and $60 in debt.
• Our goal at FinMasters is to make every aspect of your financial life easier.
• When using multiples to compare similar companies in a peer group as part of a comparable companies analysis, it is necessary to ensure that the comparison is “apples-to-apples”.
• Also, if you don’t look at forward multiples, its hard to make a relative comparison of value between two companies as you are ignoring any concept of growth.

Finance professionals use LTM Calculations to analyze the previous full year of performance for a Business. Learn to calculate LTM Revenue and EBITDA (or TTM Revenue and TTM EBITDA) like a pro so you can use it on the job in Investment Banking, Private Equity, and Investment Management.

Analysis of Valuation Multiples

Price / Sales compares a firm’s equity value to the twelve months of booked sales. Like the EV to Sales, the Price to Sales multiple is primarily useful when valuing firms with negative or depressed earnings. EV / (EBITDA – CapEx) also referred to as EBITDA minus CapEx Multiple is similar to the EBIT multiple. EBITDA less CapEx is better at capturing value differences for growing companies since accounting for capital expenditures is less subjective than depreciation. That said, equity value multiples are still useful when these two weaknesses aren’t of concern. Equity multiples are also more popular in the news media since they’re easier to compute and minority shareholders can’t influence capital structure decisions.

The level of Debt that they can raise is typically expressed as a multiple of Debt to LTM EBITDA (or Debt / LTM EBITDA). One of the most commonly used metrics for Valuation in Investment Banking is the Enterprise Value / LTM EBITDA (or EV / LTM EBITDA) Multiple. Finance Professionals across Investment Banking, Private Equity, and Lending (or ’Credit’) use LTM Revenue and LTM EBITDA metrics every day.

EV / EBITDA

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Held throughout North America, these conferences educate thousands of business owners about how and when to exit your business for the maximum value. By breaking down the process, defining key terms and outlining common mistakes to avoid, our conference is the essential starting point for the optimal sale of your company. Similar to the Debt to EBITDA ratio, the EBITDA to fixed charges ratio identifies a company’s ability to pay off its fixed charges and similar debts, usually determined over a four-quarter trailing period. Recasting is defined as the amending and re-releasing of previously released earning statements with a specified intent.

LTM vs. NTM Valuation Multiples

As I did it during my internship, I would apply a median or average multiple to the target to get an EV. If I were to get a range of EVs using comparable companies, this would be done through sensitivity analysis (changing multiple applied and inspecting its affect on EV). The Price-Earnings to Growth abbreviated as  PEG Ratio is a crude heuristic used to ltm ebitda measure the level of earnings growth reflected in a stock’s market price. The benchmark for the PEG ratio is 1, and stocks with a PEG under 1 are considered undervalued. P/E Ratio or Price / Earnings ratio is the most popular equity value multiple; it indicates the multiple of earnings that stock investors are willing to pay for one share of the firm.

It is useful in comparing similar-sized businesses where the underlying variables of their cost structures are unknown. Operating income is a company’s profit after subtracting operating expenses, such as depreciation and amortization. EBITDA goes the step further of stripping these out entirely to develop a firm understanding of a company’s profitability. Therefore, business owners can take measures to improve the company’s EBITDA to make the company more attractive to potential buyers and investors. It is a popular valuation matrix that is an apt measure for companies with stable growth prospects and unaffected by personal bias on future projection as it is based on actual data. However, it lacks its usage in companies with cyclical and seasonal impacts, and that makes its usage limited in nature.